Impact of negative pressure wound therapy in complete healing rates following surgical debridement in heel and ankle regions in diabetic foot infections

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Abstract

Aim
The aim was to evaluate 120-day complete wound healing rates in negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) versus conventional dressings in anatomically challenging areas (the heel and ankle regions).
Patients and methods
A retrospective, cohort study that included diabetic patients having acute (<30 days) challenging wounds at the area of the heel and ankle after surgical debridement and achieved complete wound healing or 120-day follow-up whichever occurs first. Forty-four patients were identified and were divided into two groups according to the method of wound therapy. Group A (NPWT, =18) and group B (conventional moist daily dressings, =26). The primary end point was complete wound healing rates within 120 days. Distribution of characteristics between study groups and healing rates among different risk groups were reported. Kaplan–Meier curve on the basis of time-to-event strategy followed by a log rank test to measure difference among study groups were performed.
Results
Complete wound healing within a 120-day assessment period was achieved in 72.3% (group A) and 30.8% in group B (=0.019). There was no overall significant difference in the distribution of characteristics among two groups except for BMI (=0.03) and albumin level (0.02). However, HgA1c levels (=0.01) and wound treatment method (=0.007) were only factors that significantly affected the healing rate.
Conclusion
On the basis of current data analysis, the use of NPWT should be recommended for acute diabetic foot wounds in the heel and ankle regions to obtain faster complete healing and desired wound closure in such critical areas.

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